One common misconception is that power generators and transformers and power storages "Send" energy out. That's not the case. The way this works is that power goes through the cables if there is something that needs it. i.e. if you put a power source and a transformer and nothing else, since the transformer is not consuming or storing energy, nothing will go through the wires. As soon as you stick a batbox or a macerator after the transformer then the macerator/batbox will "pull" energy from the transformer at the maximum packets per tick that the machine is designed to accept, then the transformer in turn will pull energy from the powersource at the rate it can handle it (1 packet per tick). So no, you do not lose power this way, but you definitely do not make the optimal use of the power output.
I'll have to agree with the guys above though, the best approach is to invest into glass fiber cables and minimize power loss (remember the higher your packet size is, the less the loss you suffer), use MSFU's to store all that excess power (and also use them as "repeaters" to minimize the power loss from the cables) and use transformer upgrades on your machine. A machine with 2 transformer upgrades, 13 overclocker upgrades and 64 power upgrades is a beast. You can work full batches in just 3 seconds :)