I figured if it was a grid of blocks, that to render each chunk, divide the work so that each block uses a cuda core or something like that. The cores can each run the same java process that already runs, if im correct.
Actually for rendering you could use CUDA for the drawing onto the game or for the physics of moving objects. You could also use it for any large array manipulation
Im sure that the chunk manipulation would be easy to work in CUDA...
Plus, with different java compilers, there are plenty of ides that let you use cuda with java.