I'm not quite sure I understand, so you want a chest to actively stay supplied with 30 stacks of refined iron at all time?
Edit: Well if I understood you right, here's how you would do it, at least how I would. Two separate logistics networks, one to handle most of your items and processing (blue) and one to stock the chest (red).
The full system isn't too complicated. I've highlighted the four non-basic logistics pipes of note used. They're circled the same color as the network they're attached to.
So let's break this down:
Top left supplier pipe is attached to your blue network, and keeps 64 iron in that furnace at all times. You could probably change this to 5 or so if your system can keep up with your furnace. The Mk1 chassis in red below it has an extractor Mk2 module to pull out refined iron as it is made. That iron then goes to the red Mk1 chassis above with a passive supplier, which is set to supply the hopper with 64 refined iron. The hopper then, being a hopper, deposits what's in it to the copper chest below it. When needed, the provider pipe in blue on the right lets the copper chest provide refined iron back out to your blue system. It is only set to provide refined iron, this is important for later.
The copper chest's inventory is set up like this. Since you want exactly 30 stacks of refined iron cached at a time, I filled 17 slots in the copper chest with red wool. This means the chest can only take 28 stacks of refined iron. The hopper will hold 64 (as per the supplier module in its chassis) when it can't deposit, and the furnace will hold 64 in its output when it can't be extracted (because there are no valid destinations). This is why we have to split it into two systems; if it was all in one system, the extractor module would happily take refined iron from your furnace and let it keep making more until your default route or terminus destinations were full.
It comes to mind after the fact that I could've used a hopper with a wood chest since together there could be 30 refined iron stocked but this way is more extensible.